ccn/Packages/Persistence/Sources/Public/Repositories/TradeRepository.swift

import FluentKit
import Foundation
import HummingbirdFluent

/// Reads and writes what leads to a sale: conversations, offers, and the sale records with their handshake.
///
/// Every write checks that the account may make it, and throws a ``TradeError`` when not. A write touching several rows runs in a transaction.
public struct TradeRepository: Sendable {

    // MARK: Constants

    /// The number before the first sale record's: the prototype's records count up from `CCN-48213`.
    private static let firstNumber = 48_212

    // MARK: Properties

    private let fluent: Fluent

    /// The clock entries are stamped and expiries judged by.
    private let now: @Sendable () -> Date

    // MARK: Initializers

    /// Creates a repository backed by the given `Fluent` service.
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - fluent: the service whose default database the repository operates on.
    ///   - now: the clock entries are stamped and expiries judged by; the system's by default.
    public init(
        fluent: Fluent,
        now: @escaping @Sendable () -> Date = { .init() }
    ) {
        self.fluent = fluent
        self.now = now
    }

}

// MARK: - Conversations

public extension TradeRepository {

    /// Fetches a conversation as one of its parties sees it, marking it read by them.
    /// - Returns: the conversation, or `nil` when there is none the account is a party to.
    func conversation(
        id: UUID,
        for user: User
    ) async throws -> Conversation? {
        guard
            let record = try await conversations(on: fluent.db())
                .filter(\.$id == id)
                .first(),
            let side = side(of: user.id, in: record)
        else {
            return nil
        }

        let conversation = try snapshot(of: record, as: side)

        if side == .buying {
            record.buyerReadAt = now()
        } else {
            record.sellerReadAt = now()
        }

        try await record.save(on: fluent.db())

        return conversation
    }

    /// Fetches every conversation an account is a party to, the latest spoken in first.
    func conversations(
        for user: User
    ) async throws -> [Conversation] {
        try await conversations(on: fluent.db())
            .all()
            .compactMap { record in
                try side(of: user.id, in: record).map { try snapshot(of: record, as: $0) }
            }
            .sorted { ($0.latest?.createdAt ?? .distantPast) > ($1.latest?.createdAt ?? .distantPast) }
    }

    /// Finds the buyer's conversation about a listing, starting it when there is none.
    /// - Returns: the conversation's identifier.
    func conversation(
        aboutListing slug: String,
        buyer: User
    ) async throws -> UUID {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            let listing = try await listing(slug: slug, on: database)

            return try await conversation(
                between: buyer,
                and: listing.shop,
                about: listing,
                on: database
            ).requireID()
        }
    }

    /// Finds the buyer's conversation with a shop at large, starting it when there is none.
    /// - Returns: the conversation's identifier.
    func conversation(
        withShop slug: String,
        buyer: User
    ) async throws -> UUID {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            guard let shop = try await ShopRecord.query(on: database)
                .filter(\.$slug == slug)
                .with(\.$owner)
                .first()
            else {
                throw TradeError.listingUnavailable
            }

            return try await conversation(
                between: buyer,
                and: shop,
                about: nil,
                on: database
            ).requireID()
        }
    }

    /// Adds a message to a conversation; one that is blank is dropped.
    func post(
        _ body: String,
        to id: UUID,
        from user: User
    ) async throws {
        let body = body.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)

        guard
            let record = try await conversations(on: fluent.db())
                .filter(\.$id == id)
                .first(),
            side(of: user.id, in: record) != nil
        else {
            throw TradeError.notAllowed
        }

        guard !body.isEmpty else {
            return
        }

        try await MessageRecord(
            conversationID: id,
            senderID: user.id,
            kind: .text,
            body: String(body.prefix(2_000)),
            at: now()
        ).save(on: fluent.db())
    }

    /// The number of conversations holding something an account has not seen yet.
    func unreadCount(
        for user: User
    ) async throws -> Int {
        try await conversations(for: user)
            .count { $0.unreadCount > 0 }
    }

}

// MARK: - Offers

public extension TradeRepository {

    /// Makes a buyer's offer on a listing, in their conversation about it.
    ///
    /// The offer binds the buyer for ``Offer/lifetime``. One under the listing's floor is turned down outright, and a buyer holds one open
    /// offer per listing.
    /// - Returns: the identifier of the conversation the offer was made in.
    func makeOffer(
        onListing slug: String,
        buyer: User,
        amountCents: Int,
        note: String
    ) async throws -> UUID {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            let listing = try await listing(slug: slug, on: database)

            guard listing.acceptsOffers else {
                throw TradeError.offersNotAccepted
            }

            guard amountCents > 0, amountCents <= listing.priceCents else {
                throw TradeError.invalidAmount
            }

            let floor = Offer.floor(forAsking: listing.priceCents)

            guard amountCents >= floor else {
                throw TradeError.offerTooLow(floorCents: floor)
            }

            let listingID = try listing.requireID()
            let isOpen = try await OfferRecord.query(on: database)
                .filter(\.$listing.$id == listingID)
                .filter(\.$buyer.$id == buyer.id)
                .filter(\.$status == Offer.Status.open.rawValue)
                .filter(\.$expiresAt > now())
                .first() != nil

            guard !isOpen else {
                throw TradeError.offerAlreadyOpen
            }

            let conversationID = try await conversation(
                between: buyer,
                and: listing.shop,
                about: listing,
                on: database
            ).requireID()
            let offer = OfferRecord(
                conversationID: conversationID,
                listingID: listingID,
                buyerID: buyer.id,
                amountCents: amountCents,
                at: now()
            )

            try await offer.save(on: database)
            try await MessageRecord(
                conversationID: conversationID,
                senderID: buyer.id,
                kind: .offer,
                body: String(note.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).prefix(500)),
                offerID: try offer.requireID(),
                at: now()
            ).save(on: database)

            return conversationID
        }
    }

    /// Fetches the offers waiting for a seller's answer, the soonest to expire first.
    func openOffers(
        for seller: User
    ) async throws -> [Offer] {
        try await OfferRecord.query(on: fluent.db())
            .filter(\.$status == Offer.Status.open.rawValue)
            .filter(\.$expiresAt > now())
            .sort(\.$expiresAt)
            .with(\.$buyer)
            .with(\.$listing) { $0.with(\.$shop) { $0.with(\.$owner) } }
            .all()
            .filter { $0.listing.shop.$owner.id == seller.id }
            .map { try $0.snapshot(at: now()) }
    }

    /// Answers an offer on the seller's behalf. Accepting it opens a sale record.
    /// - Returns: the number of the sale opened, or `nil` when the offer was declined.
    @discardableResult
    func respond(
        toOffer id: UUID,
        accepting: Bool,
        by seller: User
    ) async throws -> Int? {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            guard
                let offer = try await OfferRecord.query(on: database)
                    .filter(\.$id == id)
                    .with(\.$listing, { $0.with(\.$shop) })
                    .first(),
                offer.listing.shop.$owner.id == seller.id,
                offer.status == Offer.Status.open.rawValue,
                offer.expiresAt > now()
            else {
                throw TradeError.notAllowed
            }

            guard accepting else {
                offer.status = Offer.Status.declined.rawValue

                try await offer.save(on: database)
                try await MessageRecord(
                    conversationID: offer.$conversation.id,
                    senderID: seller.id,
                    kind: .event,
                    body: "declined the offer",
                    at: now()
                ).save(on: database)

                return nil
            }

            guard offer.listing.soldAt == nil else {
                throw TradeError.listingUnavailable
            }

            offer.status = Offer.Status.accepted.rawValue

            try await offer.save(on: database)

            return try await agree(
                on: offer.listing,
                conversationID: offer.$conversation.id,
                buyerID: offer.$buyer.id,
                sellerID: seller.id,
                priceCents: offer.amountCents,
                event: (seller.id, "accepted the offer"),
                on: database
            )
        }
    }

}

// MARK: - Sales

public extension TradeRepository {

    /// Buys a listing outright, at its asking price, opening a sale record.
    /// - Returns: the number of the sale opened.
    func buy(
        listing slug: String,
        buyer: User
    ) async throws -> Int {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            let listing = try await listing(slug: slug, on: database)

            guard let sellerID = listing.shop.$owner.id else {
                throw TradeError.shopUnattended
            }

            let conversation = try await conversation(
                between: buyer,
                and: listing.shop,
                about: listing,
                on: database
            )

            return try await agree(
                on: listing,
                conversationID: try conversation.requireID(),
                buyerID: buyer.id,
                sellerID: sellerID,
                priceCents: listing.priceCents,
                event: (buyer.id, "bought the copy at the asking price"),
                on: database
            )
        }
    }

    /// Takes a step of a sale's handshake, stamping it into the sale's conversation.
    /// - Returns: the sale after the step.
    @discardableResult
    func perform(
        _ action: Sale.Action,
        onSale number: Int,
        by user: User
    ) async throws -> Sale {
        try await fluent.db().transaction { database in
            guard
                let record = try await sales(on: database)
                    .filter(\.$number == number)
                    .first(),
                let role = try record.snapshot.role(of: user.id),
                try record.snapshot.allows(action, by: role)
            else {
                throw TradeError.notAllowed
            }

            let event: String

            switch action {
            case .markPaid(let note):
                record.paidAt = now()
                record.paymentNote = Self.note(note)
                event = "marked the sale paid"
            case .markSent(let note):
                record.sentAt = now()
                record.shippingNote = Self.note(note)
                event = "marked the copy sent"
            case .markReceived:
                record.receivedAt = now()
                event = "marked the copy received"
            case .rate(let stars):
                if role == .buyer {
                    record.buyerRating = stars
                } else {
                    record.sellerRating = stars
                }

                event = "left a rating"
            }

            try await record.save(on: database)
            try await MessageRecord(
                conversationID: record.$conversation.id,
                senderID: user.id,
                kind: .event,
                body: event,
                saleNumber: number,
                at: now()
            ).save(on: database)

            return try record.snapshot
        }
    }

    /// Fetches a sale record as one of its parties.
    /// - Returns: the sale, or `nil` when there is none the account is a party to.
    func sale(
        number: Int,
        for user: User
    ) async throws -> Sale? {
        try await sales(on: fluent.db())
            .filter(\.$number == number)
            .first()
            .map { try $0.snapshot }
            .flatMap { $0.role(of: user.id) == nil ? nil : $0 }
    }

    /// Fetches every sale an account is a party to, the latest agreed first.
    func sales(
        for user: User
    ) async throws -> [Sale] {
        try await sales(on: fluent.db())
            .group(.or) {
                $0.filter(\.$buyer.$id == user.id)
                $0.filter(\.$seller.$id == user.id)
            }
            .sort(\.$agreedAt, .descending)
            .all()
            .map { try $0.snapshot }
    }

    /// Fetches the shop an account owns.
    /// - Returns: the shop, or `nil` when the account owns none.
    func shop(
        ownedBy user: User
    ) async throws -> Shop? {
        try await ShopRecord.query(on: fluent.db())
            .filter(\.$owner.$id == user.id)
            .first()?
            .snapshot
    }

}

// MARK: - Helpers

private extension TradeRepository {

    // MARK: Methods

    /// Opens the sale record of an agreement, takes the listing off sale, lapses the other offers on it, and stamps the event.
    /// - Returns: the number of the sale opened.
    func agree(
        on listing: ListingRecord,
        conversationID: UUID,
        buyerID: UUID,
        sellerID: UUID,
        priceCents: Int,
        event: (actor: UUID, body: String),
        on database: any Database
    ) async throws -> Int {
        let listingID = try listing.requireID()
        let number = (try await SaleRecord.query(on: database).max(\.$number) ?? Self.firstNumber) + 1
        let declared = listing.snapshot
        let sale = SaleRecord()

        sale.number = number
        sale.$conversation.id = conversationID
        sale.$listing.id = listingID
        sale.$buyer.id = buyerID
        sale.$seller.id = sellerID
        sale.priceCents = priceCents
        sale.askedCents = listing.priceCents
        sale.shippingCents = listing.shippingCents
        sale.declaredGrade = declared.gradeLabel + (declared.certNumber.map { " · cert \($0)" } ?? "")
        sale.declaredPageQuality = declared.pageQuality
        sale.declaredPrinting = declared.printingDetail
        sale.declaredNotes = declared.sellerNotes
        sale.agreedAt = now()

        listing.soldAt = now()

        try await sale.save(on: database)
        try await listing.save(on: database)
        try await OfferRecord.query(on: database)
            .filter(\.$listing.$id == listingID)
            .filter(\.$status == Offer.Status.open.rawValue)
            .set(\.$status, to: Offer.Status.expired.rawValue)
            .update()
        try await MessageRecord(
            conversationID: conversationID,
            senderID: event.actor,
            kind: .event,
            body: event.body,
            saleNumber: number,
            at: now()
        ).save(on: database)

        return number
    }

    /// Finds the conversation between a buyer and a shop about a listing — or about the shop at large — starting it when there is none.
    func conversation(
        between buyer: User,
        and shop: ShopRecord,
        about listing: ListingRecord?,
        on database: any Database
    ) async throws -> ConversationRecord {
        guard let ownerID = shop.$owner.id else {
            throw TradeError.shopUnattended
        }

        guard ownerID != buyer.id else {
            throw TradeError.ownListing
        }

        let shopID = try shop.requireID()
        let listingID = try listing?.requireID()
        let existing = try await ConversationRecord.query(on: database)
            .filter(\.$buyer.$id == buyer.id)
            .filter(\.$shop.$id == shopID)
            .all()
            .first { $0.$listing.id == listingID }

        if let existing {
            return existing
        }

        let conversation = ConversationRecord(
            buyerID: buyer.id,
            shopID: shopID,
            listingID: listingID,
            at: now()
        )

        try await conversation.save(on: database)

        return conversation
    }

    /// The conversations query, with everything a snapshot reads eager-loaded.
    func conversations(
        on database: any Database
    ) -> QueryBuilder<ConversationRecord> {
        ConversationRecord.query(on: database)
            .with(\.$buyer)
            .with(\.$shop)
            .with(\.$listing) { $0.with(\.$shop) }
            .with(\.$sales)
            .with(\.$messages) { message in
                message
                    .with(\.$sender)
                    .with(\.$offer) { offer in
                        offer
                            .with(\.$buyer)
                            .with(\.$listing) { $0.with(\.$shop) }
                    }
            }
    }

    /// Fetches a listing still for sale, with its shop.
    func listing(
        slug: String,
        on database: any Database
    ) async throws -> ListingRecord {
        guard
            let listing = try await ListingRecord.query(on: database)
                .filter(\.$slug == slug)
                .with(\.$shop)
                .first(),
            listing.soldAt == nil
        else {
            throw TradeError.listingUnavailable
        }

        return listing
    }

    /// A party's note, trimmed and capped, or `nil` when blank.
    static func note(
        _ note: String
    ) -> String? {
        let note = note.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)

        return note.isEmpty ? nil : String(note.prefix(200))
    }

    /// The sales query, with everything a snapshot reads eager-loaded.
    func sales(
        on database: any Database
    ) -> QueryBuilder<SaleRecord> {
        SaleRecord.query(on: database)
            .with(\.$buyer)
            .with(\.$seller)
            .with(\.$listing) { $0.with(\.$shop) }
    }

    /// The side of a conversation an account is on, or `nil` when it is a party to neither.
    func side(
        of userID: UUID,
        in record: ConversationRecord
    ) -> Conversation.Side? {
        if record.$buyer.id == userID {
            return .buying
        }

        return record.shop.$owner.id == userID ? .selling : nil
    }

    /// The snapshot of a conversation, as the given side sees it.
    func snapshot(
        of record: ConversationRecord,
        as side: Conversation.Side
    ) throws -> Conversation {
        let viewerID = side == .buying ? record.$buyer.id : record.shop.$owner.id
        let readAt = side == .buying ? record.buyerReadAt : record.sellerReadAt
        let messages = record.messages.sorted { $0.createdAt < $1.createdAt }

        return .init(
            id: try record.requireID(),
            buyer: try record.buyer.snapshot,
            shop: record.shop.snapshot,
            listing: record.listing?.snapshot,
            side: side,
            entries: try messages.map { message in
                .init(
                    kind: .init(rawValue: message.kind) ?? .text,
                    sender: try message.sender.snapshot,
                    body: message.body,
                    offer: try message.offer?.snapshot(at: now()),
                    saleNumber: message.saleNumber,
                    createdAt: message.createdAt
                )
            },
            unreadCount: messages.count { $0.createdAt > readAt && $0.$sender.id != viewerID },
            saleNumber: record.sales.first?.number
        )
    }

}